Essay和report傻傻分不清楚？

留学生最常见的作业就是Essay和Report，相信很多同学现在正被困扰着，最可怕的就是ddl来了，却还不知如何下笔...为了让同学们更好的掌握Essay和Report的写作方法，今天小圆圈er就给大家详细介绍一下二者的区别，不要再傻傻分不清了！

不同学校、不同专业的Assignment，通常会对写成Essay或者Report的格式作出明确要求，所以同学们需要认真阅读题目。

（下图以爱丁堡大学对Essay和Report的划分为例）

☆ 同学们可以前往自己学校的官网再次确认相关信息

1.Introduction

（开头简介---介绍背景信息以及文章涵盖的内容，解释专业概念）

✦Outlines what you are going to say.

✦Signposts the direction of your writing.

✦Can define the concepts involved.

✦Can set out a case, outline a theme and give your reason for focusing on specific aspects.

Ps:It can be easier to write your introduction after you have drafted the rest of your assignment.

2.Body

（正文主体---用论据证明你的主张，并且正文中的段落应将不同的想法或论点联系起来，使其具有连贯性）

✦You will need to put forward convincing ideas or points supported by evidence based on your research reading. Overall, your writing should present a logical argument by offering good reasons to support the conclusions you reach.

✦You cannot rely on your own opinions. You are expected to refer to your research to show where you found evidence for your argument or theories which support your ideas.

Include opinions with which you disagree as well as other information which influenced your thinking. You will also need to discuss the background or context to any debate.

✦Remember to make links between sections of writing and to present the ideas in a logical order. As a rough guide, each main point should consist of one or more paragraphs, but this will vary. Sub headings are used in reports but not usually in essays which should flow.

✦You are usually expected to include quotations from texts you have read. Introduce any quotations you are using and comment on them. Everything you use in your writing should be there for a purpose.

3.Conclusion

（结论---总结论文中提出的要点）

✦Read through what you have written.

✦Sum up your main points based on the evidence already discussed.

✦You should respond directly to the title and questions posed.

✦Your line of reasoning should be made clear for a final time.

✦You can stand back from the details and take a wider view.

✦Offer evaluative comment and come to a view.

4.Bibliography(or Reference list)

（参考书目或参考文献清单）

✦This is where you list each source you used.

✦You will need to use the prescribed referencing system.

1.Table Of Contents

（目录---建议用Word自动生成格式）

❖List of numbered sections in report and their page numbers.

2.Executive Summary(Abstract)

（摘要---简要总结整个报告，这部分应该最后完成）

❖Overview of subject matter

❖Methods of analysis

❖Findings

❖Recommendations

3.Introduction

（开头简介---描述报告的目的，解释其重要性和意义，并阐明具体的目标）

❖Outline of report’s structure.

❖Describes the purpose of the report, explains why it is necessary and/or useful, and sets out its precise aims and objectives.

4.Body

（正文主体---少写理论，多结合实际情况分析，记得阐述你的研究结果或发现）

❖Headings and sub-headings which reflect the contents of each section. Includes information on method of data collection (if applicable), the findings of the report and discussion of findings in light of theory.

5. Conclusion(Recommendations)

（结论与建议---总结报告，通过结果重新审视研究目标并提出实际建议）

❖States the major inferences that can be drawn from the discussion makes recommendations.

6. Bibliography(or Reference list)

（参考书目或参考文献清单）

❖List of reference material consulted during research for report.

7. Appendix

（附录---罗列报告中所引用的数据或图片）

❖Information that supports your analysis but is not essential to its explanation.